Interrogating Yourself on Your Computer Needs

If every computer owner had the same needs, only a single model would be available. But because today’s computers are used at home and at the office, for business and for pleasure, what works well for one person might not fit for another. [Paid Recommendations^^: Using photo recovery to recover your lost photos.] Although most computers sold at the time of this writing are Intel-based computers, they’re about as different from each other as the 30-odd flavors at your local ice cream parlor — or at least they should be.

To custom-build the computer that you need, you have to design it around who you are and what you plan to do. The easiest way to determine what type of computer you need is to ask yourself a series of questions. For those who enjoy TV shows about lawyers, here’s a chance to cross-examine yourself. Grab a pen and a notebook and write your answers to the questions on this checklist:

Primary application: What will be the main function of your computer? In other words, what will you be doing with it about 75 percent of the time
you’re using it? Do you plan to use the computer for word processing and drafting, or for Internet e-mail and Web surfing? Are you a big-time game
player who likes to play the latest and hottest 3-D game releases? Jot down the main function of your computer under the heading “Primary application.”
If you’re not quite sure what your primary application will be, just write a general descriptor, such as Internet access, home use, or very expensive
paperweight. 
Secondary application: What will be the secondary function of your computer? In other words, what will you typically use it for if you’re not per-
forming the main function? Do you play games during the evening, or does your family use the computer for educational purposes or those hot eBay
bargains? Write the secondary use for your computer under the “Secondary application” heading. 
Family computer: Will children be using your computer for educational games? If so, write that use under the “Family computer” heading. 
High-quality video: Will you be using your computer for heavy-duty graphics, such as the latest cutting-edge 3-D games; professional desktop publishing; home DVD theater; video editing (say, with a program such as Adobe Premiere Pro); or advanced image editing (say, with a program such as
Corel Paint Shop Pro Photo X2)? [Paid Recommendations^^: Using Mac photo recovery to recover your lost photos.] If so, write required under the “High-quality video” heading. 
Power user: Are you going to run an entire suite of computer programs, such as Microsoft Office? Will you be running sophisticated, expensive
applications, such as Adobe Creative Suite 4? If you’re planning on using complex programs, write yes under the “Power User” heading.
Some people just plain want the fastest possible computer. They hate waiting, and they’re willing to pay extra to get the Cadillac of computers that’s
ready for anything. If you fit this description and you don’t mind paying extra for many of your computer components, go ahead and write yes under
the “Power user” heading. You’ll spend more money than the typical person because you’re buying more powerful and expensive parts, but you’ll probably end up with the nicest computer on your block — and your PC will last longer before requiring an upgrade. 
One last question: Where were you on the night of the 15th? (Too bad Perry Mason didn’t have a computer to keep track of all those details!)

See, that didn’t hurt! You’ve now eliminated the salesperson and built a list of your computer tasks and activities. From this list, you can build your own description of your computer needs. Pat yourself on the back and pour yourself another cup of coffee or grab another soda. In the following section, you use this list to determine what type of components you need to build into your computer.

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Connecting Your Computer Components

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You might be wondering how to connect all the various components that make up a computer. “What happens if I connect something wrong? Am I going to light up like a Christmas tree? Will I burn up an expensive part?”I admit that when I built my first computer in the early 1990s, I had these same con-cerns. To reassure you, consider these facts:

  Most connectors for computer components are marked to help you plug them in correctly. In fact, some connectors are designed so that you can
install them in only one direction, with many using color to indicate where they connect.21 Chapter 1: A Screwdriver Is All You Need

  Ruining a computer component simply by plugging it in the wrong way is almost impossible. At the worst, the device simply won’t work. Just con-
nect the component properly, and it should work just fine.

  Although you connect your computer to a wall socket, unless you disassemble the power supply or monitor (which you are not going to do), you
won’t be exposed to dangerous voltage.

Of course, it pays to take basic precautions — such as unplugging your PC each time you add or remove a component.

Most components within a computer are connected with cables. For example, Figure 1-5 shows a power cable (a perfect illustration of a connector that can only work The Right Way). Of course, I give you instructions on how to make sure that you’re connecting cables properly.

You’ll also be adding adapter cards. [Paid Recommendations^^: Using photo recovery software to recover your lost photos.] These circuit boards plug into your computer, much like how a game cartridge plugs into a video game. Adapter cards provide your computer with additional features. For example, you can add a sound card to provide better audio than the built-in sound hardware that came with your motherboard. Adapter cards are arranged in rows at one end of a computer.

Depending on the type of motherboard that you install, you’ll use PCI, PCI-Express, or AGP adapter cards. In Chapter 3, I explain how to select the right type of adapter card as well as what all those NASA-inspired abbreviations mean. Make sure that you get the right kind of adapter card because the wrong type of card won’t fit.

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Another Article:How To Tell Lies Successfully

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The Data Warehouse, Bells and Whistles

The Data Warehouse
Earlier in this chapter, I mention that your RAM modules act as your computer’s memory while the computer is running. However, when you switch off your computer, it forgets the data in RAM, so you need a permanent place to store Uncle Milton’s Web page address or your latest stock report. This permanent storage comes in three forms: hard drive, removable storage drive (for example, a DVD/ Blu-ray recorder or a USB Flash drive), and (maybe) a floppy disk drive.

Some PCs still include one floppy drive. [Paid Recommendations^^: Using photo recovery software to recover your lost photos.] (You know the one. It still uses a 3 1 ⁄ 2 -inch disk that holds a paltry 1.44MB.) If you like, you can skip the installation of a floppy drive, seeing as they are as unnecessary as an appendix to a cutting-edge PC running Windows Vista. (A USB Flash drive is far superior in every way to the venerable floppy.)

You need at least one hard drive. Today’s hard drives hold gigabytes (GB) of data (that’s 1,000 megabytes), or even a terabyte (TB) of data (that’s 1,000 gigabytes). At the time of this writing, typical hard drives range in capacity from 80GB to more than 1TB — and those figures are constantly rising, while costs are constantly dropping. (You’ve gotta love that free-market competitive model!)

Buy as much data territory as possible.

The Bells and Whistles
Today’s multimedia PCs have almost more extras, add-ons, and fun doodads than any mere mortal can afford (well, except for Bill Gates, that is). If you want to be able to install and run today’s software, though, you need at least a DVD-ROM drive. Multimedia applications and games also need a sound card (or built-in audio hardware on your motherboard), along with a set of speakers or headphones.

Another common addition to a PC is a printer. [Paid Recommendations^^: Using Mac photo recovery to recover your lost photos.]If you need the lowdown on today’s printer technology, jump to Chapter 13. If a high-speed cable or DSL Internet con- nection is available in your area, you can jump on the Internet broadbandwagon. (That’s so bad it doesn’t even qualify as a pun.) Otherwise, you can still use a dial-up modem for connecting your computer to other computers across telephone lines, especially if you’re an Internet junkie.

In later chapters, I also discuss advanced stuff for power users, such as network hardware and scanners. You don’t have to read those chapters, and you won’t be tested on them. But they’re there in case you feel adventurous (or you really need them).

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The eye candy&places for plugs-Major Parts of A Computer

The eye candy
Next on your list are the video card and the monitor. Together, these two parts display everything from your e-mail to your latest financial figures to all those killer Webpages (and don’t forget those flashy enemy Quarkians you need to disintegrate).

All video cards have their own special, onboard RAM modules; the more RAM, the more colors and detail the card can display. Today’s state-of-the-art video cards also help speed up your computer while it displays 3-D graphics or digital video. The video card performs most of the display work itself, giving your CPU a well-deserved rest. (Note that many of today’s motherboards have a built-in video card, so you might not need a separate card if you’re not interested in playing the latest games.) Although you can certainly find many manufacturers of video cards, the actual chipsets used in the cards are built by either AMD (originally ATI) and NVIDIA.

Monitors have screen areas that typically retrieve pictures range from 15–24 inches (measured diagonally across the case). You can go even larger if you crave that much onscreen space, or you can put two monitors side by side for a larger virtual desktop. Naturally, the larger the monitor, the more expensive. Today’s liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors use less electricity and emit very little radiation compared with the“antique” CRT (or tube) monitors used a decade ago.

The places for plugs
Your power cord isn’t the only connection that you need on the outside of your computer. For example, you also need to attach a mouse and a keyboard (unless you go wireless), and you might also want to access a portable MP3 player, a gamepad, a digital camera, a printer, or a scanner. These days, virtually all the ports (the connectors so proudly displayed on the back of your PC) are built into the motherboard, but you can install new ports for external devices separately.

You can point and click with things other than a mouse, such as a trackball, a touchpad, or a drawing tablet. A mouse is practically a requirement for Windows(although you can still navigate strictly from the keyboard if necessary).

Even the traditional keyboard has changed. Ergonomically shaped keyboards are photo recovery for Mac designed to make typing easier on your hands, wrists, and forearms. And both Windows XP and Windows Vista recognize two or three Windows-specific keys to activate the Start button and display menus in an application. (Thank goodness Bill Gates can’t add new letters to the alphabet.)

Your computer also needs at least one universal serial bus (USB) port to use many external devices. For example, most digital cameras connect via USB ports, as do virtually all printers on the market today.

Oh, and don’t forget your Ethernet network port. Just about every motherboard available today has a built-in Ethernet card, and some even include built-in wireless network hardware. For all the details on building your own network (or connecting your new PC to an existing network).

You might also see a FireWire port. Although these are more common on a Mac than on a PC, you could run into them from time to time. As a quick and handy primer, Figure 1-4 shows what the three ports look like in comparison. Even if the shape throws you, they’re typically marked with a symbol.

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Introducing the Major Parts of A Computer-1

Before you find out more about where to buy the parts that make up a computer, allow me to introduce you to each of the major components. I describe each component in general, although you can find out all the details about each computer part in other chapters of this book.

The metal mansion
Your computer’s case is its home, complete retrieve pictures with a power supply, the various buttons and lights on the front, and the all-important fans that keep the inside of your com-puter cool. Today’s high-power gaming machines have three or four fans, depending on how many devices inside are generating heat — heck, the fastest PCs that gamers build these days are liquid-cooled, just like your car!

You might notice several large, rectangular cutouts on the front of your case. Don’t worry — your computer case isn’t defective; it’s supposed to have them. These holes, called drive bays, enable you to add components, such as a DVD-ROM drive. An unused drive bay is usually covered by a plastic insert. Or the front of your case might have a door that swings open for access to the bays. Gamers and PC techno-jocks swear by unique cases, just like how owners of custom cars love fancy paint jobs and flames galore. This case has additional air vents at the front and room for more fans at the back, as well as colorful paint and chrome accents.

You can get computer cases in various sizes. The size that you choose depends on how many toys (usually called peripherals) you want to add to your computer.

The big kahuna
A number of different circuit boards are inside a recover deleted photos on Mac computer, but only one is big enough, complicated enough, and important enough to be called your computer’s motherboard. Your computer motherboard holds

  The CPU chip: This acts as the brain of your PC.
  The RAM modules: These act as your computer’s memory while it’s turned on.
  All sorts of connectors: You connect lots of things to your motherboard, such as hard drives, a DVD drive, and power cables.

In fact, the motherboard holds just about everything.

Tip:If you enjoy acronyms and abbreviations, you’ll be happy to know that CPU stands for central processing unit, and RAM stands for random access memory.

Computer CPUs come in different speeds, measured in gigahertz (GHz), such as 3 GHz. Sometimes, the CPU speed is mentioned after the processor name, such as Pentium 4 3.06 GHz. In general, the faster the CPU speed, the faster your computer.

The most popular brand of CPU these days is the Intel Core 2 series, which includes the Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Extreme Edition, but you can also find processors from Advanced Micro Devices, which everyone calls AMD. AMD’s alternative CPUs are usually less expensive and often run as fast and efficiently as the Core 2 series. I discuss the most popular processors and their advantages later.other links:recover deleted files

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Building a better computer

Over the past few years, I’ve developed a simple rule for myself, which applies per-fectly to building anything from a mousetrap to a computer. I call this rule CA —or, for those who can’t stand abbreviations, commonsense assembly. The idea is a simple one: You can prevent most mistakes while assembling a PC by using a little common sense.

Keep the following recover deleted files  CA rules in mind when handling and connecting computer components:
Give yourself plenty of empty space and adequate lighting. If you’re building a computer on the dining table, make sure that your work area is cov-
ered with newspaper to avoid scratches. I also recommend keeping an adjustable desk lamp handy to shine light where you need it.
Don’t start without all the necessary components. If you don’t have everything that you need to follow a project from beginning to end, don’t start yet (only to find you have to stop halfway through). It’s too easy to miss a step or forget something if you leave your computer’s bedside and come back the next day.
Treat your components carefully. This commonsense rule doesn't mean that you need to wear gloves when handling cables or that you need to
refrigerate your adapter cards. Just don’t drop a part on the floor or toss it to a friend. Keep components in their antistatic packaging until you’re ready to install them.
Follow the Three Absolutes of Component Care and Feeding.
1. Never bend a circuit board or an adapter card.
2. Always make sure the cables that connect your parts aren’t pinched.
3. Never try to make something fit. Take the component out, check the instructions again, and try it a different way if possible.
Installing adapter cards on your motherboard can sometimes take a little longer or require a little more force than plugging a game cartridge into a
video game. But determining whether a card is aligned correctly with the slot is usually easy because the slot is keyed to the shape of the corre-
sponding card.
Read any documentation that comes with each computer component.Although I provide step-by-step assembly instructions throughout this
book, one of your components might require special switch settings or some other unique treatment.
Keep all your parts manuals together for easy reference. Store all your component manuals for a particular PC that you’ve built in a separate
binder. After your computer is running, you can refer to your manuals quickly if you need to change any settings. In the future, if you want to sell
the old device and upgrade, it’s considered good manners to provide the original manual with the component. (Complete with manual makes a better
impression on eBay.)
Save your boxes and receipts. Although it’s rare, you might find yourself stuck with a brand-new defective item, and you’ll need the original packaging to return it.
Use a box to keep your small parts. Loose screws, jumpers, recover deleted photos on Mac and wires have a habit of wandering off if left on their own. If you end up with extra screws or doodads after successfully assembling a PC, put these parts in a box and start your own spare-parts warehouse. Trust me: They’ll come in handy in the future. If you’re a true techno-nerd, get thee hence to a hardware store and buy one of those wall racks with all the little compartments — they're perfect for organizing everything from screws to wires and jumpers.

Keep a magnetic screwdriver handy. It never fails. Sooner or later, you end up dropping a screw inside your computer case. If no loose components are in the case, feel free to pick up the case, turn it upside down, and let gravity do its thing. However, if you’ve installed a component that’s not screwed down yet, I recommend using a magnetic screwdriver for picking up wayward screws.
Check all connections after you install a component. I can't explain retrieve pictures this phenomenon (other than to invoke Murphy’s Law), but you’ll often connect a new component firmly only to discover later that you somehow discon-nected some other connector accidentally.
Never forget the common foe: static electricity. I’ll show you how you can easily ground yourself before you touch any circuitry or adapter cards grounding sounds painful, but it’s not! Unless you ground yourself, you run the risk of damaging a component from the static electricity that might be lurking on your body. Chapter 3 covers grounding in more detail. It’s a good
habit to adopt from the very beginning.
Leave the computer cover off during assembly. There’s no reason to replace the case’s cover immediately after installing a part. After all, what
if you connected a cable upside down? Instead, test your newly installed device first, if possible. As long as you don’t touch any of the circuit boards
inside the case, you'll be fine.